A Survey of Methods for Converting Unstructured Data to CSG Models

The goal of this document is to survey existing methods for recovering CSG representations from unstructured data such as 3D point-clouds or polygon meshes. We review and discuss related topics such as the segmentation and fitting of the input data. We cover techniques from solid modeling and CAD for polyhedron to CSG and B-rep to CSG conversion. We look at approaches coming from program synthesis, evolutionary techniques (such as genetic programming or genetic algorithm), and deep learning methods. Finally, we conclude with a discussion of techniques for the generation of computer programs representing solids (not just CSG models) and higher-level representations (such as, for example, the ones based on sketch and extrusion or feature based operations).Comment: 29 page

Comparison of Big Economic Crisis 1929. and Economic Crisis 2007. and overview of the Croatian economy

Velika ekonomska kriza ili Velika depresija negativno je obilježje dvadesetih i tridesetih godina prošlog stoljeća, koja se nije zaustavila samo na tržištu SAD-a, nego je zahvatila i sve zapadne zemlje i u sklopu ovog završnog rada bit će prikazano i stanje Kraljevine Jugoslavije. Također, u okvirima istog bit će predstavljen tijek razvoja krize s osvrtom na prethodne godine prije samog početka ekonomske krize. Definirat će se uzroci i posljedice koji će biti prikazani i grafički. Zatim slijedi prikaz razvoja ekonomske krize 2007. godine koja je također započela na tržištu SAD-a te je u konačnici zahvatila i Republiku Hrvatsku. Slijed će se temeljiti na razvoju, uzroku i posljedicama. U konačnici, usporedit će se kriza 1929. i 2007. godine i nakon toga slijedi osvrt na gospodarstvo Hrvatske.Big crisis or Great Depression is a negative characteristic of the twenties and thirties of the last century, which didn't stop only on the market of SAD, crises also affected on the all Western countries and as part of this final paper will be shown and state of Yugoslavia. Within the framework of this paper will be presented a course of crisis development will be presented with reference to the previous years before the beginning of the crisis. The causes and consequences will be defined, which will be presented graphically. Next, then will be shown the development of the economic crisis in 2007, which started on the US market, like 1929, which was caught and Republic of Croatia. The sequence will be based on the development, cause, and consequences of crisis. In the end, the crisis of twenties and thirties will be compared with crisis of 2007, followed by a review of the Croatian economy

Feature based volumes for implicit intersections.

The automatic generation of volumes bounding the intersection of two implicit surfaces (isosurfaces of real functions of 3D point coordinates) or feature based volumes (FBV) is presented. Such FBVs are defined by constructive operations, function normalization and offsetting. By applying various offset operations to the intersection of two surfaces, we can obtain variations in the shape of an FBV. The resulting volume can be used as a boundary for blending operations applied to two corresponding volumes, and also for visualization of feature curves and modeling of surface based structures including microstructures

Procedural function-based modelling of volumetric microstructures

We propose a new approach to modelling heterogeneous objects containing internal volumetric structures with size of details orders of magnitude smaller than the overall size of the object. The proposed function-based procedural representation provides compact, precise, and arbitrarily parameterised models of coherent microstructures, which can undergo blending, deformations, and other geometric operations, and can be directly rendered and fabricated without generating any auxiliary representations (such as polygonal meshes and voxel arrays). In particular, modelling of regular lattices and cellular microstructures as well as irregular porous media is discussed and illustrated. We also present a method to estimate parameters of the given model by fitting it to microstructure data obtained with magnetic resonance imaging and other measurements of natural and artificial objects. Examples of rendering and digital fabrication of microstructure models are presented

An evolutionary approach to the extraction of object construction trees from 3D point clouds

In order to extract a construction tree from a finite set of points sampled on the surface of an object, we present an evolutionary algorithm that evolves set-theoretic expressions made of primitives fitted to the input point-set and modeling operations. To keep relatively simple trees, we use a penalty term in the objective function optimized by the evolutionary algorithm. We show with experiments successes but also limitations of this approach

DMTs and Covid-19 severity in MS: a pooled analysis from Italy and France

We evaluated the effect of DMTs on Covid-19 severity in patients with MS, with a pooled-analysis of two large cohorts from Italy and France. The association of baseline characteristics and DMTs with Covid-19 severity was assessed by multivariate ordinal-logistic models and pooled by a fixed-effect meta-analysis. 1066 patients with MS from Italy and 721 from France were included. In the multivariate model, anti-CD20 therapies were significantly associated (OR = 2.05, 95%CI = 1.39–3.02, p < 0.001) with Covid-19 severity, whereas interferon indicated a decreased risk (OR = 0.42, 95%CI = 0.18–0.99, p = 0.047). This pooled-analysis confirms an increased risk of severe Covid-19 in patients on anti-CD20 therapies and supports the protective role of interferon